The Journal of Science and Engineering Applications (JSEA)

Abstract

It is known that energy is essential to life and economic growth. Energy is a foundation stone of the modern industrial economy. Energy provides an essential ingredient for almost all human activities, for example, without water, life as we know it would not be possible. Clean water or fresh water is rare in many low-density locations, and most of the time, there is no electrical grid connection or other energy source available, except renewable energy sources, which mostly pertain to solar radiation. Because desalination may turn salty water into a potable supply, it is a feasible solution to the issue of water shortage. Desalination is a reasonable answer for these areas' demands. Desalination systems and energy conversion are two distinct and independent technologies used in RE desalination. The actual issue with these technologies is determining the best economic layout and assessment of the integrated plants to make them profitable for isolated or desert areas. The conversion of renewable energy sources, such as solar, necessitates significant financial outlays, and despite extensive research and development, the technology is not yet sufficiently advanced to be used on a broad scale. With a focus on solar energy applications, this article provides an overview of the most significant advancements in the field of desalination using renewable energies, as well as the highlights that have been made in recent years.