Effect Of Trapezoidal Channel Geometry On The Thermal And Hydrodynamic Performance Of Microchannel Heat Sinks

Abstract

In this study, the thermal and hydrodynamic performance of a microchannel heat sink with a continuous longitudinal trapezoidal cavity on its upper surface was evaluated numerically. To examine its impact in comparison to a traditional channel base case, the cavity radius was changed from 25 to 45 µm. ANSYS Fluent was used to perform steady-state laminar flow simulations with water as the working fluid and a uniform heat flux of 900,000 W/m² at Re = 50. The findings showed that the total thermo-hydraulic performance was improved by adding the continuous cavity. The 45 µm cavity radius offered the best results among the designs examined, lowering the pressure drop by over 9% and the surface temperature by around 4 °C. while adding 14.054% to the average Nusselt number. Furthermore, the Performance Evaluation Criterion (PEC) increased by 24.48%, indicating that the geometric adjustment was successful in concurrently enhancing fluid flow dynamics and heat transfer efficiency.